How to Apply the VBA Now and Format Functions in Excel (4 Examples)

VBA Now Function Overview

Function Objective

The Now function returns the current date and time based on the user’s computer’s default settings.

Syntax

=Now()

Returns

The function provides the date and time from the computer’s system clock.

VBA Format Function Overview

Function Objective

This Format function generates a formatted string based on the specified format code.

Syntax

=Format(Expression, [ Format ], [ FirstDayOfWeek ], [ FirstWeekOfYear ])

Argument

ARGUMENT	REQUIRED/OPTIONAL	EXPLANATION
Expression	REQUIRED	A valid expression.
Format	OPTIONAL	User-defined format for the output.
FirstDayOfWeek	OPTIONAL	Specifies the first day of the week.
FirstWeekOfYear	OPTIONAL	Specifies the first week of the year.

Settings

The firstdayofweek has the following settings:

Constant	Value	Description
vbUseSystem	0	Use NLS API setting
vbSunday	1	Sunday
vbMonay	2	Monday
vbTuesday	3	Tuesday
vbWednesday	4	Wednesday
vbThursday	5	Thursday
vbFriday	6	Friday
vbSaturday	7	Saturday

The setting of the firstweekofyear argument is below:

Constant	Value	Description
vbUseSystem	0	Use the NLS API setting.
vbFirstJan1	1	Consider the week containing January 1 as the starting week.
vbFirstFourDays	2	Start with the week containing at least four days in the year.
vbFirstFullWeek	3	Start with the first full week of the year.

Returns

The function produces an output value according to the specified format.

Format Symbols

We have two types of format symbols used in the function:

Date
Time

Date Symbol

Symbol	Range
d	1-31 (Day of the month without leading zero)
dd	01-31 (Day of the month with leading zero)
w	1-7 (Day of Week starts with Sunday as 1)
ww	1-53 (Week of the year without leading zero. January 1 considered as week 1)
m	1-12 (Month of the year without leading zero, like January=1)
mm	01-12 (Month of the year with leading zero, like January=01)
mmm	Presents abbreviated month names.
mmmm	Presents full month name.
y	1-366 (Days of the year)
yy	00-99 ( Last two digits of the year)
yyyy	100-9999 (Three or four digits of the year)

Time Symbol

Symbol	Range
h	0-23 (Hour of the day without leading zero. 1-12 restricted when AM or PM are mentioned)
hh	00-23 (Hour of the day with leading zero. 01-12 restricted when AM or PM are mentioned)
n	0-59 (Minutes of the hour without leading zero)
nn	00-59 (Minutes of the hour with leading zero)
m	0-59 (Minutes of the hour without leading zero). Only when h or hh ar mentioned.
mm	00-59 (Minutes of the hour with leading zero). Only when h or hh ar mentioned.
s	0-59 (Seconds of the minute without leading zero)
ss	00-59 (Seconds of the minute with leading zero)

Example 1 – Using the NOW Function in Excel VBA

Go to the Developer tab.
Click Record Macro.

Name the macro as Test1 and press OK.

Enter the following code in the command module:

Sub Test1()
Dim Msg
Msg = Now()
MsgBox Msg
End Sub

Press F5 to run the code.

The Now function displays the current date and time.

Example 2 – Using the FORMAT Function in VBA

Create a new macro named Test2.

Add the following code to the command module:

Sub Test2()
Dim Msg
Dim date1 As Date
date1 = #1/27/1993#
Msg = Format(date1, "Long Date")
MsgBox Msg
End Sub

Press F5 to run the code.

The output displays the date formatted according to the specified code.

Example 3 – Combining NOW and FORMAT Function in VBA

Create a macro named Test3.

Add the following code to the command module:

Sub Test3()
Dim Msg
Dim date1 As Date
date1 = Now()
Msg = Format(date1, "mmmm dd, yyyy hh:mm AM/PM")
MsgBox Msg
End Sub

Run the code by pressing the F5 button.

The output provides the current date and time in the specified format.

Example 4 – Formatting Current Time in Different Ways using NOW and FORMAT Function

Named the new macro as Test4.

Enter the following code in the command module:

Sub Test4()
Range("C4") = Format(Now(), "Long Time")
End Sub

Press F5 to run the code.

The results appear in different formats based on the specified codes.
We show 9 examples of combination of Now and Format functions in the below code.

Sub Test4()
Range("C4") = Format(Now(), "dd mmmm yy")
Range("C5") = Format(Now(), "ddd dd")
Range("C6") = Format(Now(), "mmmm yy")
Range("C7") = Format(Now(), "dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm")
Range("C8") = Format(Now(), "dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm Am/PM")
Range("C9") = Format(Now(), "Long Time")
Range("C10") = Format(Now(), "hh:mm:ss AM/PM")
Range("C11") = Format(Now(), "n:ss")
Range("C12") = Format(Now(), "w,ww", 7, vbFirstJan1)
End Sub

We get the below results.

Things to Remember

Remember that the date value will be shown according to the computer’s system default calendar (e.g., Gregorian, Hijri, etc.). Users can modify the examples to suit their specific needs.